How is the car charged?
With the popularity of new energy vehicles, charging technology has become the focus of consumers' attention. This article will structurally analyze the common methods, technical principles and latest industry trends of car charging, and provide you with a comprehensive interpretation based on the hot topics on the Internet in the past 10 days.
1. Three main methods of car charging
| Charging type | Power range | Charging time | Applicable scenarios |
|---|---|---|---|
| Home slow charging (AC) | 3.3-7kW | 8-12 hours | Home/Night Charging |
| Public fast charging (DC) | 50-350kW | 30 minutes-2 hours | Highway/Shopping Mall |
| Battery swap mode | N/A | 3-5 minutes | Dedicated battery swap station |
2. Core principles of charging technology
1.AC charging pile: Convert AC power to DC power through an on-board charger (OBC), which has lower power but low cost.
2.DC fast charging pile: Directly delivers DC power to the battery, using high current/high voltage technology (such as 800V platform), but requires a battery thermal management system.
3.wireless charging: Non-contact charging is achieved through electromagnetic induction. The current power is generally below 11kW, and brands such as BMW and Volvo have launched pilot projects.
3. Hot events and data in the past 10 days
| date | Hot content | Related brands |
|---|---|---|
| 2023-11-15 | Huawei releases fully liquid-cooled overcharging technology, supporting 600kW peak power | Huawei, Cyrus |
| 2023-11-18 | Tesla V4 supercharger launches first domestic sites | Tesla |
| 2023-11-20 | CATL announces mass production of lithium iron phosphate 4C fast-charging batteries | Ningde era |
4. Development Trend of Charging Technology
1.Ultra-fast charging becomes popular: The proportion of 800V high-voltage platform models is expected to reach 30% in 2025, and a 400km range after 10 minutes of charging will become mainstream.
2.V2G technology: As a mobile energy storage unit, electric vehicles are charged during the low periods of the power grid and discharged during the peak periods. BYD has launched relevant tests.
3.standardization process: The European Union has passed the Unified Type 2 Charging Interface Act in 2024, and China is also promoting the formulation of battery replacement standards.
5. User charging precautions
| Things to note | scientific basis |
|---|---|
| Avoid charging when the battery level is below 20% | Deep discharge accelerates battery degradation |
| Fast charging is recommended not to exceed 80% of the battery capacity | Later, the charging speed decreases and heat production increases. |
| Preheat the battery before charging in winter | Charging efficiency decreases by 40% at -20°C |
As of November 2023, the number of public charging piles in China has reached 2.46 million, and the vehicle-to-pile ratio has dropped to 2.4:1. With the advancement of technology and improvement of infrastructure, new energy vehicle charging will become more efficient and convenient, promoting the transformation of global transportation energy.
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